La pobreza como determinante de la salud mental en Colombia: políticas gubernamentales y perspectivas

Introduction: Mental health encompasses emotional and psychological well-being in relation to various factors, such as social determinants, and with this, the impact on the health of the population that a country has at the sociocultural and economic level. Objective: To analyze the available evidence on the effects of poverty on the development of environments that may negatively influence mental health in Colombia. Methodology: A scoping review was carried out in different databases and current regulations in Colombia using MESH terms on the relationship between poverty and mental health, the information was filtered by year, language, accessibility to full text and correspondence with the topic of study based on title, abstract and content, obtaining 26 documents. Results: A classification was made in 3 thematic categories as follows: relationship between mental health and poverty in Colombia, psychosocial interactions and self-regulation interventions, public policies on mental health in Colombia. It was evidenced that poor people have a greater than 50% risk of suffering some mental disorder, and that various intervention strategies have been implemented from a psychosocial and self-regulation perspective in order to recognize poverty as a crucial determinant in the perception of quality of life. Conclusion: It was found that there is a significant association between areas with higher rates of violence, exposure to armed conflict and poverty with mental health affectation, however, there were limitations in the sample size and not enough data were found to allow a comparison at the Latin American level.