Deploying Charging Stations for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles in Bogotá. A Comparison of Methodologies

The use of eco-friendly fleet, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEV), has had a considerable growth around the world, in recent years, due to their contribution to the environmental impact (reduction) and quality of life (increase). Therefore, establishing an appropriate network of charging stations (CS) for both types of vehicles has been determined as a key point to favor the implementation of green transportation strategies. This work aims to determine the required deployment of CS in a megacity, by comparing the results provided by two well-known facility location problems (Set Covering Problem-SCP and General Capacitated Facility Location Problem-GCFLP), considering the capital of Colombia, Bogotá, as a case study. Regarding the SCP, we analyzed the most used origin-destination UTAMs (Units of Territorial and Mobility Analysis) reported in the Bogotá mobility survey from 2019 (Bogotá, 2019). In the case of the GFLP, we used socio-demographic data of each UPZ (Zonal Planning Unit) to estimate the location of electric vehicles across the city. Our results establish a guide for the improvement of the city’s electromobility infrastructure.