Green hydrogen potential in tropical countries: The colombian case

Tropical countries can approach their natural resources to produce low-carbon H₂ from solar, wind, hydro, and biomass resources to satisfy their domestic demand and to export it. To do so, Colombia published the National Hydrogen Roadmap, in which green H₂ was prioritized. This study estimates Colombia's potential to produce green H₂ and a timeline of scenarios displaying the required installed capacity, capital investment, and environmental analysis related to water utilization and CO₂ capture. Accordingly, Colombia can produce H₂ at a rate of 9 Mt/a by 2050 by installing 121 GW renewables while processing 303 Mt/a of residual biomass. In this scenario, Colombia's share of the H₂ international market can reach 1.2%, with a cumulative investment of over 244 billion USD by 2050. This study provides insights into potential global resources for low-carbon H₂ generation.